Accessibility in Old Buildings: Tenants in Germany

Many tenants in Germany face practical decisions when a ramp or door widening is needed in an older building, for example for prams or mobility limitations. Families ask who must pay, which alterations are permitted, and whether state grants are possible. This guide explains in plain language what tenants' rights are, when landlords must consent, which applications and forms are relevant, and how to sensibly share costs. I describe concrete steps for applying, necessary evidence and the route to authorities or courts so that you as tenants can act sensitively to your situation and proceed with legal certainty. I also name typical deadlines, examples of funding programs and practical tips for documentation.

Rights and Duties of Tenants

The German Civil Code (BGB) generally governs landlord and tenant obligations, such as maintenance duties and the provision of the rented property^[1]. Minor changes that improve the tenant's use can often be arranged by agreement. If structural changes such as ramps or door widenings are to be made permanently to the building, the landlord's consent is usually required.

How Financing and Authorities Work

There are several ways to finance modifications: own funds, grants or low-interest loans from promotional banks. For example, KfW offers programs for age-appropriate conversions, often with grants or favorable loans^[2]. Municipal authorities or social offices can provide additional aid or one-off allowances.

• Apply to funding banks and the municipality (Form): check eligibility and complete the application form fully.
• Calculate own contribution and costs (payment): obtain cost estimates and check which items are eligible for funding.
• Hire tradespeople for conversion/repair: request binding offers and arrange dates in writing.
• Collect evidence: photos, invoices, offers and correspondence and keep them in a file.

What if the Landlord Refuses?

If the landlord refuses, first check the lease for modernization clauses. In disputes over consent or costs, tenants can take the matter to the local court; the local court (Amtsgericht) is responsible for many tenancy disputes^[3]. However, seek advice first, observe deadlines and gather all evidence before filing a lawsuit.

FAQ

Who can apply for a ramp or door widening?

Basically the tenant; for major structural changes the landlord's consent is often required.

Can the landlord refuse the measure?

Yes, if the measure endangers the building's substance or causes disproportionate costs; however, many cases can be negotiated.

Are there state grants for families and accessibility?

Yes, funding programs (e.g. KfW) offer grants or subsidized loans for accessibility and age-appropriate conversions.

How-To

1. Check your lease and note desired changes (Form).
2. Gather evidence: photos, medical certificates or individual proof (evidence).
3. Submit funding applications to KfW or the municipality and file required forms (Form).
4. Obtain multiple cost estimates and calculate your own contribution (payment).
5. Seek advice from municipal housing support or legal counsel before going to court.

Help and Support

• German Civil Code (BGB) §§ 535–580a – Gesetze im Internet (form)
• KfW: "Altersgerecht Umbauen" program – official funding info (payment)
• Information on local courts and responsibilities (court)

1. [1] German Civil Code (BGB) §§ 535–536 – gesetze-im-internet.de
2. [2] KfW: Program "Altersgerecht Umbauen" – kfw.de
3. [3] Information on local courts and responsibilities – justiz.nrw.de