CO Alarms for Tenants: 5 Steps in Germany

In high-rises, carbon monoxide (CO) can become a hidden danger. For tenants in Germany it is important to know how to select, install and maintain CO alarms safely, what rights and duties exist towards the landlord and how to act correctly in an emergency. This article explains step by step which devices are suitable, where to place alarms, how often tests should be carried out and what documentation tenants should collect to protect themselves and have evidence in case of disputes. We also provide practical templates for defect notices and name the competent courts and laws.

Why CO alarms matter

CO is produced by incomplete combustion, for example from heating systems, stoves or grills used incorrectly; in high-rises the gas can spread through shafts and shared facilities. Alarms detect rising concentrations early and warn residents so they can evacuate and call emergency services.

Rights and duties of tenants in Germany

Landlords are obliged to maintain the dwelling under the general rules of tenancy law; relevant provisions are in the Civil Code (BGB) §§ 535–580a.^[1] In legal disputes, the rules of the Code of Civil Procedure (ZPO) apply to actions such as eviction claims.^[2] Tenancy disputes are usually heard in the first instance at the local court (Amtsgericht).^[3]

5 steps: correctly using CO alarms

The following sequence helps tenants to use CO alarms effectively and collect evidence for communication with the landlord.

1. Buy certified CO alarms (EN 50291) and check the approval mark and battery or mains operation.
2. Select appropriate locations: hallways, bedrooms and outside heating rooms; not directly in kitchens or next to vents.
3. Install and test alarms immediately after mounting and note the date and test result as documentation.
4. Inform the landlord in writing about installation or defects (written defect notice) and request a technical inspection if necessary.
5. Maintain and test alarms regularly (at least monthly) and replace batteries or devices according to the manufacturer.

Checklist for suspected CO

• If alarm sounds: open windows, leave rooms and call emergency number 112.
• Notify all residents and inform the landlord in writing.
• Document alarm time, temperatures and visible causes (smoke, smells).

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I have to install a CO alarm as a tenant?

In many federal states there are recommendations or obligations; regardless, tenants should install alarms for their own safety or ask the landlord to install them. Legal details are governed by state building codes and tenancy law.

Who pays for the CO alarm?

Generally the landlord is responsible for maintaining the dwelling; for simple, easy-to-install alarms there is often a distinction between tenant purchase and landlord provision. Clarify cost coverage in writing.

What if the landlord does not respond?

Send a written defect notice and set a reasonable deadline for remedy; document all steps and consider seeking advice or legal action if necessary.

How-To

1. Step 1: choose device and secure proof of purchase.
2. Step 2: determine suitable location (bedrooms and hallways).
3. Step 3: install alarm, test it and record the result.
4. Step 4: inform the landlord; send a written defect notice if needed.
5. Step 5: check regularly and keep maintenance records.

Key Takeaways

• Document tests and communications to protect your rights.
• Evacuate immediately on alarm and then address responsibility questions.

Help and Support / Resources

• [1] Gesetze im Internet — Civil Code (BGB)
• [2] Gesetze im Internet — Code of Civil Procedure (ZPO)
• [3] Justice Portal — Information on Courts (Local Courts)

1. [1] Gesetze im Internet — Civil Code (BGB)
2. [2] Gesetze im Internet — Code of Civil Procedure (ZPO)
3. [3] Justice Portal — Information on Courts (Local Courts)