Tenant Rights: Satellite Dish in Germany
Many tenants in Germany face the question of whether they may install a satellite dish on the balcony or facade. This guide explains in practical terms which rights and obligations tenants have, how the Civil Code (BGB) regulates usage, and which steps help to avoid conflict with the landlord. You will learn how to request permission in writing, which deadlines to observe, and when court clarification may be necessary. The tips are written so that non‑legal readers in Germany can understand and apply concrete steps safely. I also name official sources and template forms so you can adopt wording directly, plus notes on how local courts or the Federal Court of Justice (BGH) decide in typical cases.
What the law says
The Civil Code (BGB) fundamentally regulates the rights arising from the rental agreement, including maintenance, use, and alterations to the rented property. Relevant tenant paragraphs are §§ 535–580a BGB.[1] In disputes over a satellite dish, the specific rental agreement, house rules, and the extent of structural alteration matter. If the landlord refuses consent, courts examine the balancing of interests between legitimate tenant needs and possible impairments to landlord or neighbors.[2]
Practical checklist
- within 14 days: Inform the landlord in writing and set a deadline.
- notice: Request permission in writing and attach an installation description.
- evidence: Take photos of the balcony, façade area and planned mounting points and keep them.
- repair: Do not make permanent structural changes without consent; note who handles installation and removal.
- deposit: Clarify whether additional costs or damages should be covered by a deposit.
If the landlord refuses
Tenants should first seek a conversation and request a written justification for the refusal. Then resubmit a simple request with evidence; if that does not help, a legal assessment may be sensible. In disputed cases, local courts decide on the balancing of interests, and higher courts provide orientation through BGH case law.[2]
How-To
- notice: Send a written request to the landlord with date, installation request and technical sketch.
- evidence: Attach photos and measurements to minimize facade interventions.
- contact: If there is no response, follow up by phone and set a deadline.
- court: With strict refusal, seek legal advice and, if necessary, pursue clarification at the local court.[2]
Frequently Asked Questions
- Can the landlord generally prohibit installation?
- No, a general prohibition is only possible under narrow conditions; the BGB requires a balancing of interests.[1]
- What if the landlord refuses without reason?
- Request a written justification, document your request and consider with legal help whether court clarification is sensible.[2]
- Are there template forms for requests or lawsuits?
- Official templates or wording guidance are available from federal authorities; use templates as a basis and adapt them to your case.[3]
Key Takeaways
- Communication: Written requests protect your rights.
- Documentation: Photos and logs are decisive evidence.
- Courts: Local courts decide the balancing of interests if necessary.
