Smart Meters: Documents & Deadlines for Tenants in Germany

As a tenant in Germany, you should know which documents are required before a switch to smart meters, which deadlines apply, and what rights you have regarding data protection, access and costs. This practical guide explains in plain language what notices landlords may send, which official forms you can use, and when you must act within deadlines, for example to object or reduce rent. The goal is to give you clear steps so you can meet deadlines, collect relevant documents and, if necessary, seek support at a local court. Read the checklist and the step‑by‑step guide to protect your tenant rights in Germany confidently. This guide is written with tenants in mind.

What are smart meters and who decides?

Smart meters (intelligent metering systems) record and transmit consumption data electronically. In Germany, the Messstellenbetriebsgesetz (MsbG) and technical requirements from the BSI regulate the obligation to convert and the operation.^[1] For rental apartments this means: landlords or metering point operators inform tenants about the replacement. As a tenant you have rights regarding data protection and the inviolability of your home.

Important documents for tenants

• Landlord's notice announcing the conversion (date, company name, purpose).
• Consent form or access permission if installation inside the apartment is required.
• Protocol or photos of meter readings before and after replacement as evidence.
• Billing documents if costs are to be passed on (e.g. modernization under §559 BGB).

Deadlines and timelines

• Notice period: landlords should inform in good time; respond within the stated deadline.
• Objection deadline: if you have data protection concerns, raise them immediately in writing.
• Installation appointment: note date and time and request verification from the installing company.

Which forms and official templates are relevant?

For court action or financial help there are official forms, for example applications for legal aid (PKH) or standardized dunning procedures under the ZPO. In rental disputes the provisions of the BGB (§§ 535–580a) and the ZPO apply for lawsuits and dunning procedures.^[2]

• Application for legal aid (PKH) – use if court proceedings are necessary and you have limited funds.
• Dunning procedure / complaint form at the local court – if the landlord attempts to enforce access or improperly charges costs.

Costs and modernization charges

Whether and how costs for smart meters can be charged to tenants depends on modernization law in the BGB and rental contract terms. In general: pure metering costs are often borne by the metering operator, while modernization expenses may be chargeable; check every charge carefully.

Data protection and access

Smart meters capture detailed consumption data. Ask who can access the data and how long it is stored. The BSI defines technical and organizational security requirements; if in doubt, request a written confirmation of data processing.^[3]

Practical steps for tenants

• Collect all notices, photos and written proof before and after the installation.
• Request written information about data processing and the systems used.
• Contact your local tenant advice service or the local court for procedural questions if in doubt.

FAQ

Who pays for the installation of the smart meter?

This depends on the case: metering operators often cover metering, while modernization cost allocations may be possible; check the invoice carefully.

Can the landlord enter the apartment without my consent?

No, entering the apartment generally requires your consent or a court order; check deadlines and conditions.

Where can I go if I have data protection concerns?

Contact the landlord in writing and the responsible authority (e.g. BSI or the state data protection authority) and document your objections.

How-To

1. Check the notice and note deadlines and contact persons.
2. Take photos of meter readings before the appointment.
3. Request protocols and written confirmation of data processing after installation.
4. If problems arise: written complaint to the landlord; consider applying for legal aid or filing a claim at the local court.

Help and Support / Resources

• Hotline Federal Network Agency – information on smart meters
• Contact BSI – security requirements for metering systems
• Contact: Messstellenbetriebsgesetz (MsbG) – legal basis

1. [1] Messstellenbetriebsgesetz (MsbG) - gesetze-im-internet.de
2. [2] Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (BGB) §§ 535–580a - gesetze-im-internet.de
3. [3] Federal Office for Information Security (BSI) - bsi.bund.de