Tenant Mistakes: Music & Hobbies in Germany

As a tenant in Germany you will often face questions about music, hobbies and good neighbour conduct. Many problems can be avoided if you know your rights and duties, meet deadlines and document disputes. This guide explains in practical terms which common mistakes tenants make — for example practicing music at the wrong time, structural changes without permission, or failing to respond to warnings — and how to check the situation legally. I name the relevant laws, show important sample forms and give concrete action steps so you can defuse conflicts early and avoid escalation to court. If needed, you will also find guidance on which local courts are responsible and what evidence can become relevant in court.

What applies in Germany?

German tenancy law is regulated in the BGB; in particular tenant and landlord rights and duties are found in §§ 535–580a.^[1] Courts responsible for tenancy disputes are usually the Amtsgerichte in first instance, then the Landgerichte and, for appeals, the Federal Court of Justice.^[2] In principle: contract clauses that unduly deprive tenants of rights are void, and quiet hours must be respected.

Common mistakes

• Making noise when practising music at inappropriate times.
• No coordination with neighbours or the landlord before loud hobbies.
• Structural changes (e.g. fixtures, wall openings) without consent.
• Not responding to warnings or missing deadlines.
• Poor documentation of disturbances, witnesses or measurements.
• Ignoring house rules and established quiet times.

How to check legally?

First check your lease and the house rules: they often contain permitted use rules. If habitability is affected, § 536 BGB on rent reduction may apply; see §§ 535 ff. BGB for landlord duties.^[1] If you receive a warning, check the deadlines and reasons, respond factually and collect evidence. If you need forms, sample termination letters or warning templates can be viewed on the Federal Ministry of Justice pages; use these templates adapted to your case.^[3]

FAQ

Can I practise music in my apartment?

Generally yes, but only so that neighbours are not unreasonably disturbed; follow quiet hours and arrange loud practice with the landlord or neighbours if possible.

What to do if I receive a warning about noise?

Read the warning carefully, document your perspective, respond in writing and within the deadline, and seek a conversation or legal advice before ignoring it.

When do I need permission for structural changes?

For permanent fixtures that alter the property or are visibly lasting, you generally need the landlord's permission; without consent you may face compensation claims or an obligation to restore.

How-To

1. Document: collect date, time, duration and type of noise and, if possible, photos or audio recordings.
2. Talk: first discuss the issue with the person causing it and the landlord to find an amicable solution.
3. Write: send a written complaint or warning if necessary and keep copies.
4. Escalate: contact the local mediation office or the Amtsgericht if no agreement can be reached.
5. Keep records: preserve all documents and evidence for a possible court case.

Help and Support / Resources

• BGB — gesetze-im-internet.de
• ZPO — gesetze-im-internet.de
• Federal Ministry of Justice — bmj.bund.de

1. [1] BGB §§ 535–580a — gesetze-im-internet.de
2. [2] ZPO — gesetze-im-internet.de
3. [3] Sample termination / Forms — BMJ