Check Coverage: Insurance for Tenants in Germany

As a tenant in Germany you may be unsure whether liability or household insurance covers damage in a shared flat (WG). This article explains how to check a damage claim correctly and what steps tenants in a shared household should take. You will learn which documents are needed, when the landlord must be informed and how insurers commonly cover losses — for example water damage, burglary or fire. Practical tips show how to meet deadlines and forms and which authorities are responsible in case of disputes. The goal is to give you confidence so you can report damage quickly, secure evidence and avoid unnecessary costs.

What to check before filing a damage claim

Before you file a damage claim, check the following points systematically.

• Evidence: Collect photos, videos and receipts of all damaged items.
• Insurance forms: Check coverage, deductible and whether flatmates are insured.
• Observe deadlines: Meet insurer reporting deadlines and deadlines for rental defect claims.
• Contact: Inform insurer, landlord and flatmates and document communication channels.

Forms & Deadlines

Key legal bases are found in the Civil Code (BGB)^[1] on duties and defect rights and in the Code of Civil Procedure (ZPO)^[2] for court actions. Keep track of insurer deadlines and note submission and receipt times.

Reporting & Communication

How to report damage while keeping everything traceable:

• Submit the damage claim to the insurer in writing with photos, date and description.
• Inform the landlord if the property or a defect is affected.
• Keep a log: record names, times, conversations and invoices.

When disputes arise

If there is a dispute about payment or responsibility, the local court (Amtsgericht) is usually competent^[3] and decisions of the Federal Court of Justice (BGH)^[4] can be decisive for fundamental legal questions. Collect all documents to substantiate your claims.

Key Points

• Report damage to the insurer and landlord as soon as possible.
• Secure photos, invoices and notes from conversations as evidence.
• Observe reporting and response deadlines to avoid claim denials.

FAQ

Does liability insurance cover damage in a shared flat?

Partly: Private liability insurance usually covers damage you personally cause; household insurance protects items in the flat. Check the policy to see whether flatmates or communal damage are included.

Who reports the damage, tenant or landlord?

Generally the person affected reports the damage. However, always inform the landlord if the property is affected or a defect exists.

What deadlines apply for reporting?

Insurers have reporting deadlines; for tenancy claims, deadlines under the BGB apply.^[1]

How-To

1. Document: record photos, videos, dates and involved persons.
2. Check the policy: verify coverage, deductible and reporting obligations.
3. Report the damage in writing: provide full details, attach evidence and request confirmation of receipt.
4. Inform flatmates and landlord and clarify responsibilities internally.
5. If necessary: involve the local court or seek legal advice.

Help and Support

• Civil Code (BGB) – Full text
• Code of Civil Procedure (ZPO) – Full text
• Federal Court of Justice (BGH) – Rulings

1. [1] Civil Code (BGB) – Full text
2. [2] Code of Civil Procedure (ZPO) – Full text
3. [3] Local court (Amtsgericht) – Competence and contact
4. [4] Federal Court of Justice (BGH) – Case law