Check Heating Bill for Tenants — Germany
As a tenant in Germany, it is important to check the heating bill carefully so you do not overpay. Many statements contain errors in meter readings, allocation keys or advance payments. In this guide I explain step by step how to understand bills, which documents you should request, which deadlines apply and how to formally file a complaint. I also name the relevant sections of the BGB, the Heating Costs Ordinance and which local courts are responsible for rental disputes. At the end you will find sample forms, practical action steps and tips on how to secure evidence and meet deadlines.
What to check
When checking the heating bill, first look for comprehensible meter readings and correct allocation of costs according to the distribution key. Relevant legal bases are the BGB (tenancy law) and the Heating Costs Ordinance.[1] [2]
- Compare meter readings
- Check distribution key and cost shares
- Control advance payments and additional charges
- Request invoices and reading protocols
How to dispute errors
If you find errors, request correction and inspection of the documents in writing within a short period. Describe exactly which items you dispute and attach evidence photos or meter readings. For unresolved disputes, local courts decide; in the final instance, precedents from the Federal Court of Justice can be referred to.[3]
- Send a written complaint to the landlord
- Request invoices and documents by registered mail
- Check and document deadlines
- If necessary, demand a recalculation or check for refunds
FAQ
- How long do I have to check a heating bill?
- Check the bill immediately upon receipt; landlords generally must assert bills within 12 months after the end of the billing period. If in doubt, respond in writing immediately.[1]
- Which documents can I request?
- You can request inspection of reading protocols, invoices from energy providers, maintenance receipts and the applied distribution key. Request copies in writing.
- When is it worth filing a lawsuit?
- A lawsuit makes sense if the landlord refuses a justified correction and the amounts are material; rental disputes are first heard in local courts, higher instances are the regional court and the Federal Court of Justice.[3]
How-To
- Collect documents: Gather bills, meter readings, photos and bank statements.
- Analyze the bill: Check distribution key, reading intervals and advance payments.
- Request documents: Ask in writing for invoices and reading protocols.
- Meet deadlines: Send the written complaint on time and document receipt.
