Lost Keys: Tenant Rights in Germany

Losing a key is often an urgent stress case for tenants in Germany: keys get lost or are stolen, the security of the apartment is affected and costs can arise. This guide explains in clear, understandable language what rights and obligations tenants have, which immediate steps make sense and how you can clarify possible costs with your liability insurance or the landlord. You will receive practical tips on police reports, replacement keys and lock changes as well as sample wordings that you can use directly. We also show how to document evidence, which courts are responsible for disputes and which official forms may be useful so that you can assert your rights in Germany with confidence.

What to do if you lose your keys?

If you as a tenant lose a key, quick, documented steps are important. Inform the landlord immediately in writing and request a short confirmation. Check whether a theft has occurred; in this case you should file a police report. Collect evidence such as time, place and circumstances of the loss as well as photos or witness names, because documentation strengthens your position in damage matters and with insurers.^[1]

Immediate actions

• Inform the landlord immediately and ask in writing for instructions on securing the apartment.
• If theft is suspected, file a police report and request a confirmation.
• Contact your liability insurance to clarify whether replacement keys or lock changes are covered.
• Risk assessment: if there is a security risk, discuss a lock change with the landlord.

Who pays for lock changes and replacement keys?

Whether you or the landlord bears the costs depends on the cause and agreements. If the loss is due solely to the tenant's private negligence, the landlord may claim reimbursement for key costs and lock replacement. If there is a security risk for the building, the landlord may order measures; in disputes, the local court often decides. If uncertain, legal aid or attorney support can be sensible.^[1][2]

Practical examples and templates

Example 1 (no theft, key lost privately): Write the landlord a brief explanation with date, place and circumstances; offer to replace the key or cover the costs. Example 2 (in case of theft): File a police report and send the landlord the report confirmation. Example 3 (liability insurance): Report the damage to your liability insurance and submit the quote invoice for the lock change if the policy provides coverage.

FAQ

Who should I inform first, landlord or insurer?

Inform the landlord first in writing; at the same time check your liability insurance and report the damage, especially if third-party risk exists.

Do I have to change the lock immediately?

Only if there is a concrete security risk is an immediate change necessary; otherwise tenants and landlords should find a joint solution.

When should I contact the police?

If theft is suspected or there is a concrete danger to the apartment, you should file a report and keep the confirmation.

How-To

1. Inform the landlord immediately in writing and request written confirmation of receipt.
2. Assess whether theft occurred; if so, file a police report and keep the confirmation.
3. Contact your liability insurance and ask about coverage for replacement keys or lock changes.
4. Keep quotes and invoices for replacement keys or locksmith work as evidence.
5. If there is disagreement about costs, consider legal advice or bringing the case to the local court.

Help and Support / Resources

• BGB: Civil Code (relevant tenancy provisions)
• ZPO: Code of Civil Procedure (court proceedings)
• Police: Information on filing a report

1. [1] Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (BGB)
2. [2] Zivilprozessordnung (ZPO)
3. [3] Police: Information on reporting
4. [4] Federal Court of Justice (BGH)