Tenants: Fight Eviction Lawsuits in Germany

As a tenant in a German big city, an eviction lawsuit can quickly feel intimidating. This guide explains in clear terms which rights you have, which deadlines matter and which documents the local court needs. I describe practical steps: how to draft a response to the complaint, collect evidence and react within deadlines, and when legal help is necessary. I also list official laws and forms so you can act specifically with the local court or authorities. The goal is for you to make informed decisions, better protect your home and avoid unnecessary evictions. The advice is practical and names exact deadlines, templates and contact points so you can respond quickly. Read on for checklists, common mistakes and concrete sample wordings.

Rights and First Steps

First, you should know that German tenancy law is regulated in the German Civil Code (BGB); important sections on rental agreements are located there.^[1] Proceedings in an eviction lawsuit follow the Civil Procedure Code (ZPO), which defines processes, deadlines and forms.^[2] Contact the competent local court (Amtsgericht) early, because claims are filed there and hearing dates are set.^[3]

What to Do Immediately?

Gather evidence and respond to the served complaint within deadlines. Check whether a formal termination exists and whether procedural errors can be used in your favor.

• Tenancy agreement (rent contract)
• Payment receipts (rent payments)
• Landlord's termination letter (notice)
• Photos of defects (evidence)
• Correspondence with landlord (record)

If uncertain, use the option of a free initial consultation at advisory centers or lawyers specialized in tenancy law; note deadlines for objections and responses.

FAQ

What is an eviction lawsuit?

An eviction lawsuit is a landlord's claim at the local court to enforce surrender of the apartment. The court checks entitlement and reasons.

Which deadlines matter?

Key deadlines concern service of the complaint, the period to file a response, hearing dates and potential enforcement deadlines.

Which forms and templates do I need?

There is no single nationwide template for a response, but the court expects a written response with evidence; official legal texts and guidance help with wording.

How-To

1. Check the complaint: read the document carefully and note deadlines (file).
2. Gather evidence: payment receipts, photos, defect reports and correspondence (evidence).
3. File a timely response with the local court and request an oral hearing if appropriate (court).
4. Seek legal help: contact advisory centers, legal aid or a specialist lawyer (call).

Help and Support

• [1] Gesetze im Internet — BGB §§535–580a
• [2] Gesetze im Internet — Zivilprozessordnung (ZPO)
• [3] Justizportal NRW — Information on local courts

1. [1] Gesetze im Internet — BGB §§535–580a
2. [2] Gesetze im Internet — Zivilprozessordnung (ZPO)
3. [3] Justizportal NRW — Information on local courts