Natural Damage Guide for Tenants in Germany
Many flatshare residents in Germany face the question of how to quickly and correctly settle natural damage after storms, floods, or burst pipes. This guide explains in practical terms and without legal jargon what duties tenants have, what rights exist regarding rent reduction, and how to communicate with landlords, household insurance and authorities. We describe concrete steps for reporting damage, documentation and using official forms so you avoid time, stress and unnecessary costs.
Quick settlement for natural damage
Act immediately: inform the landlord and report the damage to your household insurance. Provide location, time and visible damage. For landlord duties and tenant rights see the BGB.[1]
- Report the damage in writing to the landlord and insurer.
- Document photos, videos and destroyed items.
- Record timestamps, witnesses and conversations.
- Check your household and liability insurance for coverage.
Documentation & evidence
Good evidence increases the chances of success with insurers or courts. Create a list of damaged items with value estimates and receipts.
- Photos and short videos with dates.
- Repair estimates.
- Document correspondence by email or registered mail.
Rights, deadlines and court actions
If the landlord does not respond or delays necessary repairs, tenants can use rights like rent reduction or remedial action; in case of disputes the local court (Amtsgericht) is usually competent.[2] Observe deadlines for reporting defects and possibly filing claims.
Forms and templates
Official templates, such as a sample termination letter or guidance on lawsuits, are available from the Federal Ministry of Justice. Use standard wording for damage reports and keep copies.[3]
Practical example: After water damage a flatshare takes photos, lists damaged furniture, sends an email to the landlord and files the damage report with the household insurer; this speeds up settlement.
FAQ
- When can I reduce the rent?
- You can reduce the rent if the habitability of the apartment is impaired and the landlord has been informed of the defect.
- Who pays for natural damage?
- Initially the tenant's household insurance or a liability insurer clarifies responsibilities; the landlord may use building insurance for structural damage.
- How quickly must the landlord respond?
- The landlord must promptly arrange necessary immediate measures; specific deadlines depend on the individual case.
How-To
- Report the damage immediately in writing to landlord and insurer.
- Document damages with photos and lists.
- Keep all receipts and set deadlines in written correspondence.
