Check Utility Electricity: Tenant Rights in Germany

As a tenant in Germany, utility statements often raise questions, especially when common-area electricity or shared meter charges are billed separately. This article explains in plain language what common-area electricity means, how to check whether costs are allocated correctly, and which steps are possible in case of unjustified back-charges. You will receive practical tips on evidence, deadlines and formal objections as well as examples of letters to the landlord. The aim is to enable you to check back-charges confidently, spot errors and enforce your rights without legal expertise. Where necessary we refer to official forms and competent courts in Germany so you have clear, actionable steps. Read on for a step-by-step guide, sample objection texts and advice on which documents to collect, such as meter readings or bills from the property manager.

What is common-area electricity?

Common-area electricity refers to electricity costs for shared spaces like stairwell lighting, corridors or courtyard lighting, and also for garages or laundry rooms. These costs are often allocated to all tenants, either by floor area or as a flat rate. What matters is whether the landlord has clearly regulated the allocation in the lease or house rules and whether the billing is transparent and comprehensible.

How to check the bill?

Check the bill systematically: which items appear, how was the allocation key calculated, and are there invoices or meter readings? Keep evidence ready and note any discrepancies.

• Document meter readings and receipts (document).
• Compare the listed invoices with the original supplier invoices (form).
• Check allocation by floor area or flat rates and recalculate amounts attributable to you (payment).
• Observe deadlines for objections to the bill, typically one year after receipt (calendar).

Formal objection to a back-charge

If you receive a back-charge you consider incorrect for common-area electricity, send a formal objection to the landlord. Specify concrete errors, attach evidence and set a reasonable deadline for a response. Often a clear letter is enough to resolve the issue.

Sample wording for an objection

Include date, billing period and specific points, e.g. missing invoices or incorrect allocation. Request copies of the original invoices and an explanation of the allocation key. Give a 14-day deadline for reply and threaten legal steps only if necessary.

FAQ

Can a landlord claim common-area electricity retroactively?

Yes, if the billing is properly documented and the claim is not time-barred. Check documents and allocation basis and file formal objections if needed.^[1]

What deadlines apply to objections to the bill?

Typically a limitation period of one year after receipt of the bill applies; act quickly if in doubt and observe deadlines.^[2]

Which court handles disputes if the matter cannot be resolved?

Many tenancy disputes are handled by the local court (Amtsgericht); you can file a claim there or use advisory services beforehand.^[3]

How-To

1. Collect evidence: invoices, meter readings and the utility statement (document).
2. Check the allocation key and recalculate the portion attributable to you (form).
3. Write a formal objection with a deadline and request missing documents (payment).
4. If the landlord does not reply, consider time limits for further steps such as a payment order or lawsuit (calendar).
5. Seek advice from a tenants' association or lawyer if necessary and keep records of all actions (help).

Key Takeaways

• Documentation is the most important basis for any objection.
• Strictly observe deadlines to avoid losing rights.
• Always request copies of original invoices.

Help and Support / Resources

• BGB §§535–580a: Tenancy law provisions
• BetrKV: Ordinance on operating costs
• Justiz: Information on courts in Germany (local courts)

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1. [1] Gesetze im Internet: Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (BGB)
2. [2] Gesetze im Internet: Betriebskostenverordnung (BetrKV)
3. [3] Justiz: Courts in Germany (Amtsgerichte)