Neighbor Harassment: Tenant Rights in Germany

Many tenants in Germany experience disruptive behavior from neighbors after moving in, ranging from noise to targeted harassment and systematic bullying. As a tenant, you should know how to properly document incidents, what deadlines apply and which authorities can help. This guide explains in clear language how to secure photos, videos and witness statements, which template texts and official forms may be relevant, and when the local court (Amtsgericht) is responsible. The goal is to assert your rights without escalation and to collect evidence that will hold up in court. Concrete action steps help reduce stress and uncertainty.

What you should do first

Always start with careful documentation: note date, time, type of harassment and possible witnesses. Collect photos and videos and save original files with timestamps. Inform the landlord in writing about the incidents and request remedy. In some cases, a written defect notification is useful if the harassment reduces the quality of living. Mention in letters specifically which disturbance you experienced and what remedy you expect.

Steps to collect evidence

• Secure photos and videos (photos, videos) with date and time.
• Archive correspondence: emails, SMS, letters and notes in chronological order.
• Name witnesses and have them write short statements.
• Keep a disturbance log with times and durations (logbook).
• Send formal letters by registered mail or with proof of receipt.

If harassment is repeated, you should consider whether a rent reduction is appropriate because the usability of the apartment is impaired. Refer to the relevant provisions in the BGB when communicating with the landlord.^[1]

When the local court may be involved

If landlords do not respond or the situation worsens, filing a lawsuit at the competent local court may be necessary. Jurisdiction and procedural rules are governed by the Code of Civil Procedure; eviction or injunctive matters are often handled by the local court and then the regional court.^[2]

Practical templates and forms

There is no uniform nationwide mandatory form for complaints about neighbor harassment, but the following official documents are useful:

• Written defect notification / request for remedy to the landlord (own template or send by registered mail).
• Documentation sheet for disturbances (own list with date/time/witnesses).
• Contact the local court for guidance on legal filing procedures.

FAQ

Which types of evidence are sufficient in court?

Photos, videos with timestamps, detailed disturbance logs and witness statements are most commonly persuasive.

Can I reduce my rent because of harassment?

A rent reduction is possible if the usability of the apartment is significantly impaired; check the amount carefully and document the defect.

How quickly must I react to a warning or lawsuit?

Respond to legal correspondence within the stated deadlines; if unsure, seek legal advice.

How-To

1. Start documenting incidents immediately with date, time and description.
2. Secure photos/videos and store original files safely.
3. Inform the landlord in writing and request remedy; send the letter with proof of delivery.
4. If there is no response, get information from the local court and consider legal steps.
5. In case of a lawsuit: submit evidence in order and name witnesses; follow the court's instructions.

Important notes

• Avoid direct escalation or retaliation; document incidents factually.
• Use witness statements to corroborate repeated incidents.

Help and Support / Resources

• [1] BGB §§ 535–580a – gesetze-im-internet.de
• [2] ZPO – gesetze-im-internet.de
• [3] Federal Court of Justice – bundesgerichtshof.de

1. [1] Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (BGB) §§ 535–580a – gesetze-im-internet.de
2. [2] Zivilprozessordnung (ZPO) – gesetze-im-internet.de
3. [3] Federal Court of Justice (BGH) – bundesgerichtshof.de