Tenants in Germany: Secure Flood Damage in 5 Steps

As a tenant in Germany, a natural hazard like flooding or heavy rain can quickly have existential consequences. This practical guide gives five clear steps on how to document damage immediately, inform the landlord, involve your household and liability insurance, and meet deadlines. The advice works for shared flats as well as individual tenants. I explain which official forms and what court steps are possible, how to keep damage records safe, and which rights you have under §§ 535–580a BGB. The aim is to settle claims quickly and avoid unnecessary disputes.

What to do after a natural hazard?

1. Photograph damage and secure evidence (evidence).
2. Inform the landlord in writing and note deadlines (deadline).
3. Carry out or order immediate measures and emergency repairs (repair).
4. File a claim with household and liability insurance (payment).
5. Check your rights and contact the local court if there is a dispute (court).

Legal basics and sample texts are important, for example the rules in §§ 535–580a BGB §§ 535–580a BGB^[1], which describe landlord obligations and tenant rights.

Examples of forms and template letters: defect notice (sample) and termination letters for orientation; official information is available from the Federal Ministry of Justice BMJ^[2]. Use registered mail or verifiable delivery.

Forms

• Defect notice (template letter) — When: for moisture, mold or visible damage; Example: attach photos, date and description.
• Termination letter template (for uninhabitable dwelling) — When: only after legal review; sample text for setting deadlines.
• Collect cost estimates and invoices — When: for insurance and landlord claims.

If an amicable solution is not possible, the local court is responsible; find information on procedures and deadlines on the competent justice site BGH^[3].

FAQ

How quickly must I inform the landlord?

Inform the landlord immediately in writing and send photos; note the time and events.

Can I reduce the rent?

A rent reduction is possible in case of substantial impairment; assess the individual case and refer to the relevant BGB paragraphs.

How-To

1. Photograph and collect evidence (evidence).
2. Fill out the form and inform the landlord (form).
3. Arrange emergency repair (repair) and secure receipts.
4. Check deadlines and consider filing at the local court (court).

Help and Support / Resources

• BGB - Civil Code (Germany)
• Federal Ministry of Justice (BMJ)
• Federal Court of Justice (BGH)

1. [1] §§ 535–580a BGB — gesetze-im-internet.de
2. [2] Template letters and information — bmj.de
3. [3] Information on courts and case law — bundesgerichtshof.de