Tenants in Germany: Window and Door Seals

As a tenant in Germany, you should systematically check window and door seals when moving out, because leaks can cause heat loss, mold risk and follow-up claims. This text explains in plain, practical terms which defects you must identify, which photos and measurements make sense, and how to prepare evidence for the handover. I list deadlines, show wording examples for defect notifications and refer to relevant sections of the BGB.^[1] Families and single tenants receive clear steps to ensure handovers are fair and unnecessary costs are avoided. The guidance applies nationwide; local Amtsgerichte decide in disputes according to tenancy law principles.^[2] At the end you will find a short FAQ, a step‑by‑step documentation guide and links to official sources.

What tenants should watch for

Check seals for cracks, pressure marks or missing material. Pay attention to the following points and document any irregularities immediately in writing.

• Inspect window frames and seals (repair) for visible damage or gaps.
• Take photos (photo) with date and time, ideally from several angles.
• Observe deadlines (deadline): report defects promptly, otherwise evidence problems may arise.
• Inform the landlord in writing (call) and obtain acknowledgement of receipt.
• Create a key handover and final protocol (move-out) when moving out.

Step: Check and document

Proceed room by room: open windows, test seals by hand, check for drafts and take close-up photos. Note temperature differences or moisture stains.

• Record date and time (photo) for each piece of evidence.
• Describe damages (repair) with exact measurements or comparison photos.
• Document contact attempts (call) by email or registered mail.

What to do in case of cost disputes

If the landlord demands compensation, check the claim and request a detailed statement. You can write a defect notice; a simple template helps to present the points in a structured way.^[3]

Handover protocol: required information

A handover protocol should at least contain the date, list of defects, photos and signatures of tenant and landlord. Insist on receiving a copy during the handover.

• Attach photos (photo) and label them clearly.
• Print and sign the protocol (notice).

FAQ

Who decides in rental disputes about seals?

Usually the local court (Amtsgericht) is competent; it rules based on tenancy law and case specifics.^[2]

Do I have to replace seals before moving out?

Only if there is concrete damage caused by the tenant; normal wear and tear is typically the landlord's responsibility under the BGB.^[1]

Is there a template for a defect notice?

Yes, templates and guidance can be found at official sites of the Federal Ministry of Justice.^[3]

How-To

1. Take photos (photo): room, close-ups of the seal, date visible.
2. Describe (repair) the damage precisely in the handover protocol.
3. Inform the landlord in writing (call) and request confirmation of receipt.
4. Meet deadlines (deadline) and archive documents carefully.

Help and Support / Resources

• [1] Gesetze im Internet: BGB and tenancy law
• [2] Justice Portal: information on courts
• [4] Federal Court of Justice: rental law rulings

1. [1] Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (BGB) §535 ff. (gesetze-im-internet.de)
2. [2] Amtsgericht / Justice Portal (justiz.de)
3. [3] Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection (bmjv.de)
4. [4] Federal Court of Justice (bundesgerichtshof.de)