Clean Handover: Tenant Checklist Germany
As a tenant in Germany, the apartment handover at move-out is often the focus of disputes. With a clear checklist, photo checks and a written handover protocol you protect yourself from unjust claims and misunderstandings. This guide explains step by step which rooms and meters to check, how to document damages, what deadlines apply and which forms may be necessary. You will also learn when to involve a specialist lawyer or the local court and which sections of the BGB protect tenant rights. This helps you keep control, save time and increase your chances of enforcing your deposit and rights. We show practical templates and list official forms and responsible authorities for your region.
Preparation before the handover
Prepare the handover systematically: walk through rooms, check cleaning, read meters and take photos. Keep all receipts (cleaning, invoices, contractor receipts) ready and filed in chronological order.
- Take photos of every room, windows, floors and existing damage.
- Prepare a written handover protocol with date, time and signatures.
- Read and note meter readings for electricity, water and heating.
- Collect cleaning receipts and invoices and file them.
- Coordinate key handover and have the receipt confirmed in writing.
Keep photo and cleaning receipts safe.
Documentation with photos and protocol
Documentation often decides in disputes. Pay attention to dates, wide-angle and detail shots and clear descriptions in the protocol. Also note who was present.
- Wide-angle shots of each room plus close-ups of damage.
- Add dates to photos or a separate log file with timestamps.
- Describe each complaint clearly and concisely in the protocol.
Detailed documentation increases your chances in legal disputes.
Rights and deadlines
As a tenant, central rules in the BGB secure your rights, for example regarding maintenance and notice periods.[1] For court procedures and eviction claims, the rules of the Code of Civil Procedure apply.[2] Tenancy cases are usually heard first by the local court (Amtsgericht); appeals go to the regional court and the Federal Court of Justice.[3] Respond to claims on time, check deadlines and seek legal advice if unsure.
FAQ
- Who pays for damages documented at handover?
- Damages that exceed normal wear and tear can be deducted from the deposit; documented photos and protocols reduce disputes and prove the condition.
- Do I have to return the apartment broom-clean?
- Yes, broom-clean delivery is generally expected; specific requirements may be in the tenancy agreement and should be checked in disputes.[1]
- What if the landlord makes claims I consider unfounded?
- Object in writing, collect evidence and photos, and consider legal steps such as advice or filing a claim at the local court.[3]
How-To
- Take complete photos of rooms within the last two weeks before moving out.
- Arrange the handover appointment with the landlord at least 48 hours in advance.
- Go through the handover protocol point by point on site, describe damages and attach photos.
- Record key handover and have the receipt signed.
- Keep receipts for cleaning or repairs and present them for justified claims.
- Obtain legal advice for unfounded claims and, if necessary, respond at the local court.
Help and Support
- Gesetze im Internet (BGB and ZPO)
- Justizportal (information on courts)
- Federal Ministry of Justice (information and sample texts)
