Dorm WG: Conflict-Free Living for Tenants in Germany

Living together in a shared flat in a dormitory can be enriching for tenants in Germany, but it can also lead to conflicts. Many problems arise from different expectations about cleanliness, visitor rules, use of shared spaces, or handling repairs and utility costs. As a tenant you should know your rights under tenancy law, document damage and defects, and set deadlines if necessary. This guide explains in practical terms how to prepare conversations, de-escalate conflicts, use official forms correctly and when the local court may need to be involved. Step by step, flatmates receive concrete recommendations for action, letter templates and guidance on important legal rules such as § 535 BGB.^[1]

Common conflicts in dorms

• Cleanliness and cleaning: agree clear task distribution and cleaning schedules.
• Repairs and defects: report damage immediately and set deadlines.
• Rent and utilities: clarify payment methods and how costs are split.
• Visitor rules and privacy: respect visiting hours and private rooms.
• Quiet hours and schedules: agree on fixed quiet times for studying or sleeping.
• Written agreements and forms: document agreements and keep receipts.
• Termination and eviction: observe deadlines and respond in time.

How to document defects and damage

Take photos with dates, note exactly what is broken, and send a written defect notification to the landlord. Keep copies of all messages and receipts for tradespeople. If possible, have witnesses confirm the damage.

Useful forms and templates

• Termination letter (BMJ template): a template for ordinary terminations and wording to preserve deadlines.^[3]
• Defect notification to the landlord: a short, dated letter with a deadline to remedy the defect.
• Handover protocol for move-in and move-out: documents condition, meter readings and existing damage.

FAQ

What can I do if flatmates do not clean?

Address the issue openly, propose a cleaning schedule and document repeated breaches in writing. If necessary, send a written request with a deadline.

Who pays when something breaks?

The person responsible is generally liable; for building defects the landlord is responsible. Collect evidence and then clarify liability in writing.

When should I involve the local court?

If deadlines are ignored or an eviction lawsuit is imminent, filing a complaint at the local court may be necessary.^[2]

How-To

1. Document defects: take photos, note dates and witnesses.
2. Write a defect notification: send a written notice to the landlord with a reasonable deadline.
3. Use templates and seek help: use official sample letters and contact advisory services if needed.
4. Legal action: if there is no response, prepare and file at the competent local court.

Help and Support / Resources

• [1] Gesetze im Internet – BGB §§ 535–580a
• [2] Gesetze im Internet – ZPO (Zivilprozessordnung)
• [3] Federal Ministry of Justice – sample letters and information

1. [1] Gesetze im Internet – BGB §§ 535–580a
2. [2] Justice portal of the German states – information about local courts
3. [3] Federal Ministry of Justice – sample letters and information