Fixed-term Tenancy Guide for Tenants in Germany

What is a fixed-term tenancy?

A fixed-term tenancy is a rental contract with a defined start and end date. For tenants in Germany it is important to know when a fixed term is valid, which clauses are permissible and which duties landlords and tenants have. Provisions on duties such as maintenance and use are regulated in the Civil Code and affect the validity of time-limited agreements.^[1]

What tenants should watch for

Before signing, check deadlines, termination rules, maintenance obligations and service charge arrangements. Watch for unclear wording and clauses that unduly limit your termination rights.

• Check deadlines (deadline) — verify start, end and any extension clauses.
• Review wording (form) — clarify unclear or contradictory clauses in writing.
• Clarify maintenance (repair) — who is responsible for repairs and cosmetic work?
• Check rent & service charges (rent) — note agreed rent, step rent and operating cost statements.

If unsure, consult advisory services or check the legal situation; for disputes the local court (Amtsgericht) is responsible and procedural rules of the ZPO apply.^[2]

Important forms and templates

As a tenant you should know the following official documents and when to use them:

• Sample termination letter from the Federal Ministry of Justice (termination): use when you want to end the fixed-term tenancy properly.
• Templates for filings at the local court (eviction action): required if eviction is pursued by the landlord or you must defend against a claim.
• Defect protocols and photo records (evidence): create these at move-in and when defects occur to secure your claims.

FAQ

Can a fixed-term tenancy be set without a reason?

Yes, a fixed-term tenancy can be agreed; the reasons and formal requirements determine validity and may be legally reviewable depending on the clause.

What rights do I have for defects during a fixed-term tenancy?

For defects tenants have rights to remedy, rent reduction or possibly damages if the landlord does not adequately remedy the defect.

Must I move out immediately after a fixed-term tenancy ends?

Yes, the tenancy generally ends at the agreed time without notice; an extension requires a written agreement.

How-To

1. Check deadlines (deadline): note start/end dates and termination periods in your calendar.
2. Review the contract text (form): compare clauses with sample texts and mark unclear passages.
3. Document defects (evidence): create photos, timestamps and a defect report at move-in and during the tenancy.
4. Contact the local court if needed (court): file a claim or seek mediation where necessary.

Help and Support

• [1] Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (BGB) §§ 535–580a — Gesetze im Internet
• [2] Zivilprozessordnung (ZPO) — Verfahrensregeln — Gesetze im Internet
• [3] Bundesgerichtshof (BGH) — Decisions

1. [1] Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (BGB) §§ 535–580a — Gesetze im Internet
2. [2] Zivilprozessordnung (ZPO) — Verfahrensregeln — Gesetze im Internet
3. [3] Muster Kündigungsschreiben und Informationen — Bundesministerium der Justiz