Meter Readings 2025 for Tenants in Germany

As a tenant in Germany, it is important to record meter readings (electricity, gas, water, heating) reliably at move‑in, move‑out and reading dates in 2025. Documenting readings protects you from incorrect operating cost statements and disputes with the landlord. In this guide I explain in plain terms which details you should note, how to create photos and protocols, which deadlines apply and which official forms or sample letters you can use. I also show when a complaint at the local court is sensible and which sections of the BGB and the Heating Costs Ordinance are relevant. The information is practical and aimed at tenants without legal background. Read on for concrete templates and checklists.

Recording meter readings correctly

When reading meters, date, measured value, meter number and clear evidence matter. In addition to the number, take a photo of the meter and note the meter number and location.

• Date and time (time): note the day and exact time of the reading.
• Meter number and reading (record): photograph and write it down by hand.
• Recipient and purpose (form): document whether the meter is relevant for service charge billing.
• Contact with landlord (help): send readings by e‑mail or registered mail.

Which evidence counts?

Typical evidence includes photos with timestamps, e‑mails to the landlord, handwritten protocols and, if applicable, reading protocols from the property management.

• Photos (photo): clear close‑ups of the meter reading with date or smartphone timestamp.
• Correspondence (document): e‑mails or registered mail transmitting the reading.
• Protocols (calendar): handwritten handover protocols at move‑in and move‑out.

FAQ

What counts as reliable documentation?

Reliable evidence includes time‑stamped photos of the meter, written reading protocols and sent e‑mails to the landlord. Legal questions should consider sections of the BGB.^[1]

Which deadlines apply in 2025?

Deadlines arise from the rental contract and billing rules; for heating costs and readings you should check the Heating Costs Ordinance.^[2]

Which court has jurisdiction in disputes?

Most tenancy disputes fall under the local court (Amtsgericht); proceedings follow the rules of the Code of Civil Procedure (ZPO).^[3]

How‑To

1. Read (time): note date, time, meter number and meter reading.
2. Photograph (photo): take at least two photos of the meter from different angles showing the reading.
3. Record (document): create a short reading protocol with address, date, meter number and signature.
4. Send (form): forward the reading by e‑mail or registered mail to the landlord and keep proof of sending.
5. Store (record): keep photos, e‑mails and protocols until the next billing.
6. In case of dispute (court): collect all evidence and consider legal steps at the competent local court.

Help and Support / Resources

• [1] BGB §535 — Gesetze im Internet
• [2] Heating Costs Ordinance — Gesetze im Internet
• [3] Code of Civil Procedure (ZPO) — Gesetze im Internet

1. [1] BGB §535 — Gesetze im Internet
2. [2] Heizkostenverordnung — Gesetze im Internet
3. [3] Zivilprozessordnung (ZPO) — Gesetze im Internet