Tenant mistakes with window & door seals in Germany

As a tenant in Germany you often must decide how to handle window and door seals when moving out. Common mistakes such as insufficient documentation, improper DIY repairs or removing old seals can lead to disputes with the landlord and retention of the security deposit. This guide explains in clear terms tenants' duties and rights, how to properly document damage, which evidence photos and dated logs are useful and when a professional repair is necessary. It also shows which official rules in the BGB and which court steps apply so you can avoid costly claims and secure the return of your deposit. The advice is practical, neutral and tailored specifically to tenants in Germany.

Typical mistakes with seals

• No or incomplete documentation: missing photos, date or location descriptions.
• Improper DIY repairs that further damage seals.
• Not collecting invoices and receipts, so costs become disputed later.
• Ignoring deadlines: reporting damage or obtaining offers too late.
• Removing old seals completely instead of repairing, causing heat loss or moisture issues.

What to do before moving out

Good preparation reduces the risk of subsequent claims. Systematically document the condition of all seals, inform the landlord in time and get professional opinions if necessary.

• Take high-quality photos of all affected windows and doors with date and time.
• Record appointments: date, time and names of conversations with the landlord.
• Send a written damage report by email or letter and keep a copy.
• Obtain cost estimates before commissioning repairs.
• Hire a specialist company if the seal affects living quality (heat, moisture).

Rights, duties and legal basis

The statutory basis for tenancy obligations and maintenance can be found in the BGB ^[1]. In court proceedings the rules of the Code of Civil Procedure apply ^[2], and key Federal Court of Justice decisions shape case law ^[3].

Important practical notes:

• Termination: No special form is required for ordinary termination, but written form is necessary; see § 568 BGB for the basis.^[1]
• Lawsuit (e.g. eviction or cost claim): Procedural requirements of the ZPO apply; contact the competent local court for tenancy disputes.^[2]

FAQ

Who pays to replace a defective seal?

Superficial wear is often the landlord's responsibility; damages caused by the tenant are payable by the tenant. Check your contract and document the condition.

Can the landlord withhold the deposit for seal repairs?

Only for proven, legitimate costs. Without clear evidence or an estimate, a blanket withholding is often not permitted.

Do I have to replace all seals before moving out?

No. It depends on condition, wear and the rental agreement. Documentation and agreement with the landlord are decisive.

How-To

1. Record all affected spots with photos and short descriptions.
2. Notify the landlord in writing and attach photos and dates.
3. Obtain 1–2 cost estimates from specialist companies before approving repairs.
4. Have necessary repairs carried out professionally and keep invoices.
5. If a dispute arises, present your documents to the local court or seek legal advice.

Key takeaways

• Thorough documentation prevents unjustified charges.
• Professional repairs avoid further damage and conflict.
• Always communicate with the landlord in writing.

Help and Support / Resources

• Gesetze im Internet — BGB §§ 535–580a
• Gesetze im Internet — ZPO
• Bundesgerichtshof — Information and decisions

1. [1] Gesetze im Internet — BGB §§ 535–580a
2. [2] Gesetze im Internet — ZPO
3. [3] Bundesgerichtshof — Decisions and information