Tenant Rights: Parquet and Laminate Damage in Germany

Many tenants in Germany face the question of how parquet or laminate damage is settled at move-out. This text clearly explains the obligations of tenants and landlords, when compensation can be demanded and what role cosmetic repairs play. I describe concretely how to document damage, meet deadlines and prepare formal steps — such as defect notification, cost estimates and evidence preservation. I also name relevant laws like the BGB and which courts are responsible if a dispute arises. The goal is to provide you as a tenant with practical steps so disputes can be resolved fairly and transparently. At the end you will find practical templates, cost estimate tips and links to official forms.

Which rules apply?

Under German tenancy law, the Civil Code (BGB) distinguishes between normal wear and actual damage. Landlords can demand compensation for damage if the threshold of normal wear is exceeded. For basic duties of landlords and tenants, see the statutory provisions in the BGB.^[1]

Documenting damage

• Take photos from multiple angles with date and time.
• Record the exact location and extent of the damage in writing.
• Collect invoices, receipts and cost estimates.
• Obtain short written statements from any witnesses.

Who pays? Compensation, wear and cosmetic repairs

Differentiate between normal wear (which tenants usually do not have to replace) and damage from improper use (which may justify compensation). Special clauses in the lease about cosmetic repairs may exist but are not always fully valid. In disputed cases, courts — including the Federal Court of Justice in individual matters — often decide.^[2]

Templates and forms

For formal steps, templates and forms are helpful. For example, the competent local court (Amtsgericht) is the contact point for civil claims; forms and guidance are available via the justice portal of the states.^[3] Practical example: If your landlord demands a high bill after move-out, first send a written statement with photos and cost estimates and request a detailed breakdown of the claim.

Tips to avoid disputes

Before moving out, it is worthwhile to schedule a joint handover appointment with the landlord. Record agreements in writing and document any identified defects together with the date. If you agree on cost-sharing, confirm it in writing to avoid later disputes.

FAQ

Do I have to pay as a tenant for parquet or laminate damage?

Only if it is excessive damage and not normal wear. The burden of proof can vary, so documentation is important.

How do I distinguish normal wear from damage?

Normal wear results from usual use over the rental period; deep scratches, burn marks or large-scale detachment usually count as damage.

What deadlines apply if I want to object?

Object in writing early and keep records; specific deadlines depend on the contract or court rules in individual cases.

How-To

1. Document the damage photographically and in writing.
2. Inform the landlord in writing and request a breakdown.
3. Obtain and compare cost estimates.
4. Contact legal advice or mediation services if unclear.
5. Consider filing a claim at the competent local court if dispute persists.

Help and Support / Resources

• Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection
• Laws on the Internet (BGB and other statutes)
• Justice Portal of the Länder (court and forms information)

1. [1] Gesetze im Internet – BGB §§ 535 ff.
2. [2] Bundesgerichtshof (BGH) – Decisions and information
3. [3] Justice Portal of the Länder – Information on local courts and forms