Accessible WBS & Cooperatives for Tenants in Germany
Many tenants in Germany wonder how the Wohnberechtigungsschein (WBS) and cooperatives work together to create accessible housing. This article explains in practical terms which rights tenants have, which applications are necessary, and how cooperatives implement accessibility. It is aimed at tenants without legal background and explains terms like WBS, the responsible local court and relevant legal bases clearly and understandably. I also describe step-by-step how to apply for a WBS, report repairs, and protect yourself from unlawful evictions. The goal is to make you more confident when dealing with authorities and your landlord. I name official forms, explain deadlines and show where to find official information. Practical examples help with decisions and contacting authorities.
What does accessible housing mean for WBS and cooperatives?
Accessible housing means apartments are designed so people with mobility, sensory or cognitive limitations can live independently. Cooperatives often plan or modernize buildings with the aim of providing communal and low-barrier solutions. Tenancy claims are governed by the rules of the German Civil Code (BGB)[1], for example regarding the landlord's maintenance obligations.
Important forms and applications
Key forms include municipal WBS applications and, if necessary, documents for authorities or courts. Many WBS applications are submitted at the city or district level and vary regionally. As an example, you can find a typical WBS application process at your city administration.[4]
- Application for Wohnberechtigungsschein (WBS) – apply at the responsible municipality; example: city administration form and submission requirements.
- Termination letter / objection letter – if you receive a termination, a correctly formatted response is important and deadlines must be observed.
- Documentation for funding applications (e.g. proof of disability or income) to submit to cooperatives or funding agencies.
How to apply for a WBS in practice
The path to a WBS usually goes through your local citizens' office or housing office. Common steps are: check whether you meet the income and eligibility criteria, collect the required documents and submit the application. Some municipalities offer online forms or personal appointments.
- Check deadlines and requirements of your municipality to avoid delays.
- Collect proofs such as ID, income statements and, if applicable, proof of disability.
- Submit the application in person, by mail or online and confirm receipt.
Rights for defects and repairs
If an apartment is not accessible and this causes safety or usability issues, report the defect in writing and set a deadline for repair. The landlord is generally responsible for maintenance; tenancy law rules can be enforced before the local court if necessary.[1][5]
- Send a written defect report to the landlord and set a deadline (e.g. 14 days).
- Take photos and keep logs as evidence for later proceedings.
- If there is no response, consider whether legal action at the local court is necessary.
When does housing promotion apply?
Funding programs for accessible housing are regulated by the Wohnraumförderungsgesetz (WoFG) and are often administered by state or municipal housing promotion offices.[3] Cooperatives can apply for funding that supports conversion or new construction of accessible apartments.
Frequently Asked Questions
- What is a WBS and who can get it?
- A Wohnberechtigungsschein (WBS) confirms that you are entitled to a social housing apartment; criteria depend on income and household size and are checked by the municipality.[4]
- Can I demand accessible modifications from my landlord?
- In principle, the landlord can agree or refuse; for health-related needs, individual agreements or funding programs are possible, and in disputes the local court can help.[1]
- Which authority handles eviction cases?
- Eviction cases and tenancy proceedings are usually heard by the local court; information on procedures can be found at the justice administration.[5]
How-To
- Check the WBS eligibility of your municipality and download or collect the application form.
- Gather all supporting documents (ID, income proofs, disability ID if applicable).
- Submit the application and note the submission date and receipt confirmation to keep track of deadlines.
- Maintain contact with the municipality and the cooperative; ask about funding or accessible housing options.
Help and Support / Resources
- Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (BGB) §§535–580a
- Wohnraumförderungsgesetz (WoFG)
- WBS beantragen (Beispiel Stadt Berlin)
