CO Detectors for Tenants in Germany: Checklist

Many tenants in Germany wonder how to protect themselves from carbon monoxide (CO) and what responsibilities landlords have. This article explains in clear language what rights and obligations you have as a tenant, how to check working CO detectors and what to do in an alarm. You will find a practical checklist for installation, maintenance and documentation as well as guidance on how to report defects and observe deadlines. The information helps reduce risks and act calmly in disputes with the landlord.

What is a CO detector and who is responsible?

A CO detector warns of invisible, life‑threatening carbon monoxide. In Germany the obligation to equip properties can vary by federal state; responsibility for safe apartments and functioning devices is often shared between tenant and landlord. Legally the landlord's obligations to maintain the rental property are governed by the German Civil Code (BGB) §§ 535–580a^[1].

Practical checklist for tenants

Check, document and react: the following checklist helps to proceed systematically.

• Check location – install CO detectors in sleeping and living areas (safety).
• Perform regular function checks (test) and note the date.
• Batteries and replacement: check battery per manufacturer and replace detector at end of life (repair).
• On alarm act immediately and inform the landlord in writing (notice); send defect notification with date and photos.
• Keep documentation: photos, test logs and copies of all communications with the landlord (evidence).

Examples of a defect notification

There is no uniform official form for defect notifications; a written notice with date, brief description of the problem, photos and a request for remedy within a reasonable period is sufficient. State clearly what remedy you expect and by when.

Rights, duties and possible steps in disputes

If the landlord does not respond, tenants may reduce rent or set a deadline for remedy; set a reasonable deadline in writing and announce possible further steps. In cases of serious health risk call emergency services immediately. Legal proceedings are governed by the Code of Civil Procedure (ZPO) and tenancy disputes, eviction or other actions are usually handled at local courts and higher courts up to the Federal Court of Justice (BGH)^[2][3].

FAQ

Who must install CO detectors?

This can vary by region; check state building codes and your lease. Responsibility is often negotiated between landlord and tenant.

Can I reduce rent if no detector is present?

If required protection is missing or there is a defect, a rent reduction may be possible; document the defect and inform the landlord in writing.

What to do after repeated alarms?

For repeated alarms ventilate, leave the apartment immediately and inform the landlord and emergency services if necessary; document times and communications.

How‑To

1. Leave the apartment immediately on alarm and go to a safe place (move-out).
2. Call emergency services at 112 if people have symptoms (call).
3. Inform the landlord in writing and send a defect notification with photos (notice).
4. Create documentation: test logs, photos, messages, timestamps (evidence).
5. Consider legal steps and set deadlines; local courts are responsible (court).

Help and Support / Resources

• [1] German Civil Code (BGB) – Gesetze im Internet
• [2] Code of Civil Procedure (ZPO) – Gesetze im Internet
• [3] Federal Court of Justice (BGH) – Information and decisions

1. [1] German Civil Code (BGB) – Gesetze im Internet
2. [2] Code of Civil Procedure (ZPO) – Gesetze im Internet
3. [3] Federal Court of Justice (BGH) – Information and decisions