Document Water Damage: Tenant Tips for Germany

As a tenant in Germany, water damage can quickly become stressful, especially for families. This practical guide shows clearly how to systematically document damage in 2025 with templates, photos and simple forms, when to notify the landlord in writing and how to meet deadlines for repairs and rent reduction. We explain step by step which evidence is important under tenancy law, how to archive invoices and communication, and when it makes sense to involve the local court (Amtsgericht)^[3]. Examples and templates help you state your claims clearly. The goal is for parents and single caregivers to know their rights, act quickly and avoid stressful disputes. There are also tips on insurer communication, setting deadlines and sample texts for claims so you can act confidently if repairs are delayed.

What belongs in the documentation?

• Photos of the damage with date and time
• Short descriptions (location, cause, visible effects) as a text file
• Videos or voice recordings for ongoing leaks
• Invoices, cost estimates and contractor reports
• Date and content of all messages to landlord or management

Important deadlines and reporting

Report quickly and set deadlines: Notify the landlord of the damage in writing without delay and set a reasonable deadline for repair. Record deadlines in writing and document whether repairs started or were delayed.

• Report the damage immediately and obtain confirmation of receipt
• Set a repair deadline in writing (e.g. 14 days)
• Observe and document deadlines for rent reduction

Forms and sample texts

There is no single nationwide official "defect notice" form, but sample texts and templates help to structure the report. Name the damage, location, date, requested remedy (repair deadline) and attach photos. See the relevant provisions in the BGB^[1] and consult official guidance for sample letters^[2].

• Defect notice (sample text): Briefly describe, set a deadline, attach photos
• Notice of rent reduction: justify amount and state the period
• Claim to insurer: policy number, damage extent, photos

Practical evidence in everyday life

• Date-stamped photos before and after repair
• Photos of affected belongings and room walls
• Record conversations briefly via email or SMS

FAQ

Can I reduce rent if my apartment suffers water damage?

Yes, a rent reduction is possible if usability is significantly impaired; the amount depends on the extent of the defect and should be documented with reasons.

Do I have to notify the landlord in writing immediately?

Yes, report the damage to the landlord in writing without delay and set a deadline for remedy so your claim is documented.

When should a court be involved?

If the landlord does not respond or repairs are unreasonably delayed, you can involve the local court; review all collected evidence beforehand.

How-To

1. Document the damage immediately: take photos and note date and time
2. Send a written defect notice to the landlord and obtain confirmation of receipt
3. Set a deadline (e.g. 14 days) and state the repair request clearly
4. Check and keep invoices; collect receipts for replacement claims
5. Consider legal steps and involve the local court if conflicts persist

Key notes for families

List pros and cons for rooms used by children (e.g. mold risk, health) and document particularly vulnerable areas such as children's rooms or play spaces.

Help and Support / Resources

• BGB §535 – Landlord obligations
• Federal Court of Justice (BGH) – Case law
• justiz.de – Local court information

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1. [1] BGB §535 – Pflichten des Vermieters
2. [2] Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection – sample letters and guidance
3. [3] justiz.de – Local courts and responsibilities