Gas Smell in Old Buildings: Tenants in Germany
As a tenant in Germany, detecting a gas smell in an older building can be alarming. This practical guide explains in plain language which immediate actions you should take, how to notify your landlord, the gas network operator and emergency services correctly, and what rights and deadlines under tenancy law apply. I show how to document the incident, which official authorities to contact and which administrative forms may be relevant in disputes. The goal is a clear, step-by-step instruction for tenants without legal background so you can act safely, reduce risk and enforce your rights.
What to do if you smell gas in an old building?
When smelling gas every minute counts. First check whether there is immediate danger (strong odor, dizziness, headaches, noises at pipes). Act quickly and calmly: leave the flat in case of strong smell, close doors and windows only as necessary and call the emergency services.
- In case of acute danger: call emergency number 112 and warn all persons and neighbors.
- Open windows and doors — if safe to do so — to ventilate rooms.
- Avoid open flames, do not operate electrical switches and avoid using phones while a strong odor persists.
- Inform the landlord and, if known, the local gas network operator; note phone numbers and names.
- If possible, shut off the main gas supply or have the caretaker do so.
Documentation and evidence
Documentation protects your rights. Take photos of affected areas, note timestamps and witnesses and save SMS, email or call notes with the landlord and network operator. If a technician visited, ask for a written confirmation.
- Collect photos, timestamps and witness statements as evidence.
- Send a written defect notification to the landlord by email and, if possible, by registered mail.
- Keep repair invoices and technical reports.
Tenant rights and landlord obligations
The landlord must maintain the rental property in a condition fit for use. In case of danger from gas smell, this can create claims for defect remedy and, in certain cases, rent reduction. Legal basis is the German Civil Code (BGB) §§ 535–580a.[1]
When to involve a court
If the landlord does not take necessary measures despite proof and a deadline, tenants may consider legal action. Local courts (Amtsgericht) usually handle tenancy disputes; appeals go to higher courts and, if relevant, the Federal Court of Justice (BGH).[2]
How-To
- If acute danger is present, call 112 immediately and leave the apartment.
- If safe, ventilate, secure the gas supply and avoid open flames.
- Inform landlord and gas network operator and note times of contacts.
- Collect photos, notes and receipts; request repair reports and archive them.
- If remediation does not occur, send a formal written notice with a deadline and consider legal steps.
Help and Support / Resources
- Gesetze im Internet: BGB §§ 535–580a
- Bundesnetzagentur: Information on gas supply
- Federal Ministry of Justice: Services and legal information
