Key Return for Tenants in Germany 2025
As a tenant in Germany, returning the keys at move-out is a common and often stressful step. This guide explains in plain language which deadlines to observe, how to create a handover report, which forms or templates may be useful and which rights and obligations arise from the rental agreement and the German Civil Code (BGB)[1]. I show practical steps for handing over keys, how to document damage, clarify the final rent payment and deposit issues, and how to respond to entries or claims. The goal is to avoid disputes and achieve a clean handover — including references to authorities and courts in Germany.
What applies to key return?
For the handover, contractual obligations from the rental agreement and the general provisions of the German Civil Code (BGB) apply[1]. The landlord must confirm the return, preferably in writing in the handover report. If it concerns eviction or outstanding claims, the rules of the Code of Civil Procedure (ZPO) for court proceedings apply[2]. In disputed interpretations, Federal Court of Justice (BGH) decisions may serve as guidance[3].
- Return keys completely and on time.
- Arrange an appointment with the landlord or property management.
- Create and sign a handover report together.
- Take photos of the condition and any defects.
- Clarify deposit settlement and final accounts.
Practical preparation tips
Go through the flat systematically: doors, windows, meter readings and visible defects should be recorded. Prepare all keys and spare keys and note their number and markings. If repairs have been agreed, document date and scope. If unsure about deadlines or wording in the termination, check the contract clauses and, if necessary, ask the landlord in writing.
If problems arise
If there is a dispute about damage or missing keys, document everything and send a written statement to the landlord. For court actions and eviction claims, the provisions of the ZPO apply[2]; contact the competent local court early if resolution is required. BGH rulings show how courts may assess defects and liability issues[3].
FAQ
- Who must be present at the key handover?
- The landlord or an authorized representative and the tenant or an authorized person should be present.
- What must be included in the handover report?
- Date, attendees, meter readings, recorded defects, number of keys and signatures of both parties.
- What if the landlord refuses the handover?
- Document the incident, send a written deadline notice and seek legal help or contact the competent local court if necessary.
How-To
- Arrange a fixed handover appointment and confirm the time in writing.
- Prepare a handover report with date, meter readings and defects; have it signed.
- Hand over all keys personally or to an authorized person and note the number in the report.
- Settle the deposit and final accounts: keep deadlines, bank details and receipts ready.
