Move-Out Checklist for Tenants in Germany

A thorough checklist helps tenants in Germany prepare a clean move-out and avoid disputes with the landlord. This guide explains step by step which cleaning, documentation and forms are important, how to take photos as evidence and which deadlines apply when moving out. It describes how a handover protocol should be structured, which meter readings and keys need to be recorded and when deposit deductions may be legally permissible. You will also find practical sample texts and information on which authorities or courts are responsible for disputes, as well as recommendations for photographic documentation that has probative value.

Preparation before the handover

Clear preparation reduces conflicts when moving out. Inform yourself about the legal basics in tenancy law (Sections 535–580a of the BGB)^[1] and check your tenancy agreement for handover deadlines and cleaning rules.

• Take photos (photo) of every room, the floor and any damages and note the date.
• Perform a basic cleaning: clean floors, kitchen, bathroom and windows according to the tenancy agreement.
• Document damages (document) with close-up photos and a short written note.
• Observe deadlines (deadline): confirm appointments with the landlord within the agreed time.
• Plan key handover: count all keys and have any spare keys ready (return keys).

At the handover appointment: protocol, meters and keys

Insist on a handover protocol that records defects, meter readings and the total number of keys. A careful protocol prevents later disputes and is often decisive in deposit matters.

• Create a handover protocol: record date, time, attendees, meter readings and defects.
• Reference photos (photo) in the protocol and, if possible, attach printed copies.
• Have the key handover confirmed by signature.
• Clarify deposit issues: record agreements on deductions in writing.

Documentation and forms

Keep all receipts, contractor invoices and photos. For legal questions, the competent local courts (Amtsgericht for tenancy disputes)^[2] and, if necessary, higher instances such as the Federal Court of Justice are relevant^[3].

• Forms: There is no uniform official form for the handover protocol; use a written protocol with signatures.
• Collect receipts: keep invoices for cleaning or repairs.

What to do in case of disagreements

If there is a dispute about condition or costs, first try to communicate or reach an amicable settlement. If that fails, proceedings before the local court are possible; observe procedural deadlines and the evidentiary situation.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Do I really have to hand over the apartment "broom-clean"?

No, "broom-clean" is a common phrase; what matters are contractual agreements and the reasonableness of the cleaning.

2. Are smartphone photos sufficient as evidence?

Yes, well-dated photos with clear subjects are usually suitable as evidence if they document the condition comprehensively.

3. What if the landlord does not show up for the appointment?

Document your presence and the condition, prepare the protocol and send a copy by registered mail or with confirmation of receipt.

How-To

1. Take photos (photo) of all rooms and noticeable defects.
2. Perform cleaning according to the tenancy agreement.
3. Fill out the handover protocol together at the appointment.
4. Confirm key handover in writing.
5. Collect and keep all receipts for possible deductions.

Help and Support / Resources

• Civil Code (BGB) §§ 535–580a on gesetze-im-internet.de
• Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection (BMJV)
• Federal Court of Justice (BGH) – rulings

1. [1] Sections 535–580a BGB – German Civil Code (gesetze-im-internet.de)
2. [2] Competence of local courts – German Justice Portal (justiz.de)
3. [3] Federal Court of Justice decisions (bundesgerichtshof.de)