Move-out Clean: Tenant Photo Evidence in Germany
As a tenant in Germany, it is important to carefully document the condition of the apartment when moving out. Photos with dates, short descriptions and a handover protocol help clarify claims and avoid deposit disputes. This text explains in plain language which shots make sense, how to show defects and which deadlines and legal bases must be observed. You will receive practical checklists, tips for exchanging messages with the landlord and examples of phrasing that are relevant in the event of a dispute in court or at the local court[2]. At the end you will find FAQs, a step-by-step guide and official links to laws and templates. The aim is that you as a tenant know your rights in Germany and can securely preserve evidence.
Why photos matter at move-out
Photos are often the clearest proof of condition and damage. They help show timelines (for example, when damage occurred) and are persuasive evidence in court or during a deposit settlement.
- Overall view of each room: panoramic photos from all sides.
- Detail shots of damage: cracks, dampness, burn marks.
- Meter readings: heating, electricity and water meters.
- Key handover: keys, locks and cylinders.
Photos with timestamps and short notes increase evidentiary value.
Legal basis
Contractual rights and obligations are found in the German Civil Code (BGB), especially in §§ 535–580a.[1] In disputes over deposits or defect procedures the local court often decides; proceedings are governed by the Code of Civil Procedure (ZPO).[2] Photographic evidence supports your case and should be stored in an organized way.
FAQ
- Which photos are sufficient?
- Good photos show both the overall view of a room and detail shots of damage; date, location and short labels increase usefulness.
- How long should I keep evidence?
- Keep photos and handover protocols at least until the deposit has been finally settled; longer retention may apply for court proceedings.
- What is a handover protocol?
- A written document recording condition, defects and meter readings at move-in and move-out, signed by tenant and landlord.
How-To
- Inspect the apartment room by room and photograph overall views first, then details.
- Create a written handover protocol with date, meter readings and signatures.
- Send the photos and protocol to the landlord by email or registered mail and keep sending and receipt confirmations.
- Store all files and messages in an organized manner (folder, cloud with dates, backup).
- If a dispute arises, present organized evidence and involve the local court if necessary.
Documentation increases your chances in disputes.
Key takeaways
- Photo documentation protects your deposit and proves apartment condition.
- Create a signed handover protocol with meter readings.
