Returning Keys on Weekends: Tenant Rights in Germany

Move-In & Move-Out Inspections 3 min read · published September 07, 2025
When moving in or moving out, returning keys often becomes necessary, and many tenants in Germany wonder how to organize a handover on weekends legally and practically. This guide explains in plain language which rights and duties tenants have, which deadlines apply and which types of evidence are useful. You will receive concrete preparatory steps, a template for handover protocols and tips on how to clarify costs, liability and communication with the landlord. We also show which courts and laws are typically relevant and when a local court (Amtsgericht) becomes competent. The goal is that you can carry out the key handover securely, documented and without expensive legal advice.

What Tenants Need to Know

Fundamentally, the contractual obligations from the tenancy agreement and the statutory provisions of the German Civil Code (BGB) are decisive for return and liability. Important provisions on landlord and tenant duties can be found in §§ 535–580a BGB[1], for example on handing over the rented property and liability for damages. For practical handovers, contractual deadlines or individual agreements often apply; without an agreement the return should be carried out so that the landlord actually takes the keys.

Document date, time and condition for every key handover.

Practical Steps for the Handover

  • Arrange an appointment with the landlord or representative (appointment) and specify an exact time.
  • Prepare a handover protocol and document everything (document): condition, meter readings and the number of keys handed over.
  • Use a sample protocol or form (form) and have both parties sign it.
  • Obtain confirmation of the key handover and request a receipt or acknowledgment (return keys).
In many cases, detailed documentation protects tenants from later claims for damages.

If a Personal Handover Is Not Possible

If a personal handover on weekends is not technically or organizationally possible, alternatives are conceivable: handing over to an authorized person, depositing against receipt or sending by registered mail. For formal disputes about the return, civil procedural steps may be necessary; corresponding rules are found in the Code of Civil Procedure (ZPO)[2].

Keep evidence of all handover attempts to defend against later claims.

FAQ

Who bears the costs if something happens to the keys?
If keys are lost by the tenant before the handover, the tenant may be liable for replacement costs; if the loss occurs after the handover, normally the new holder bears the costs.
Can the landlord require a handover only on weekdays?
Unless otherwise agreed in the tenancy agreement, unreasonable requirements for handover times are disproportionate; however, practical arrangements are common.
What if the landlord does not show up at the agreed time?
Document the landlord's absence, optionally set a deadline by registered mail and do not hand over the key without a receipt of acceptance.

How-To

  1. Contact and agree a binding handover appointment (appointment).
  2. Prepare a handover protocol or have a sample form ready (form).
  3. Hand over the keys in person or via authorization at the appointment and obtain written confirmation of receipt (return keys).
  4. Add photos and signatures to the protocol and keep copies (document).

Help and Support / Resources

  1. [1] German Civil Code (BGB) – gesetze-im-internet.de
  2. [2] Code of Civil Procedure (ZPO) – gesetze-im-internet.de
  3. [3] Federal Court of Justice (BGH) – bundesgerichtshof.de

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Bob Jones
Bob Jones

Editor & Researcher, Tenant Rights Germany

Bob writes and reviews tenant law content for various regions. They’re passionate about housing justice and simplifying legal protections for tenants everywhere.

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