Tenant Guide: Inventory & Photo Check in Germany

A detailed inventory list with a photo check protects tenants during move-in and move-out in Germany. It records the condition of the apartment, makes damage and wear visible and reduces disputes over deposits. This guide explains in clear steps how you as a tenant can create an inventory list, secure photos as evidence and correctly complete handover protocols so that claims are more enforceable later. Legal bases such as the BGB and the competent courts are mentioned so you know when a formal complaint makes sense.^[1] Keep your evidence organized; this helps with rent reduction, deposit returns or court claims.^[2] This text also contains notes on official forms and templates that are relevant for termination or damage claims.^[3]

Why an inventory list matters

An inventory list secures your position as a tenant because it records the condition and existing furniture, meter readings and visible defects. Photos with dates and clear close-ups are particularly persuasive. Add descriptions of functions (e.g., heating, windows, water) and note meter readings.

Preparation: What belongs in the inventory list?

• Photos (photo, evidence) of all rooms, sockets and noticeable defects
• Notes about walls, floors, doors and windows with dates
• Meter readings (electricity, gas, water) at move-in and move-out
• Handover protocol (document, form) signed by tenant and landlord
• Receipts for repairs or reports to the landlord (receipt, record)

Create the list together with the landlord if possible and insist on a copy of the handover protocol. If the landlord does not attend, document the time and circumstances in writing and send the protocol by registered mail or email with read receipt.

Documentation & practical tips

Number photos and reference the corresponding image numbers in the inventory list. Describe damages briefly but precisely (e.g., "deep scratches in the parquet, living room corner, left of the door"). Keep all digital files for at least the duration of the deposit period.

FAQ

Who decides when handover protocols conflict?

If tenant and landlord present different protocols, the competent local court (Amtsgericht) will decide; thorough documentation is therefore important.^[2]

Are photos alone sufficient as evidence?

Photos are powerful evidence, often together with a signed handover protocol. Date, context and additional descriptions increase effectiveness.

How-To

1. Create a list of all rooms and items and add photos (photo) to each item with unique numbering.
2. Document the handover appointment in writing and note the time and attendance of all parties (calendar, deadline).
3. Complete a handover protocol (form) and have it signed by landlord and tenant.
4. Save all photos and documents digitally and keep backup copies in a secure location.
5. In case of dispute: submit organized evidence to the competent local court or seek legal advice (court).

Help & Support

• Gesetze im Internet – BGB §§ 535–580a
• Bundesgerichtshof – Tenancy Decisions
• Federal Ministry of Justice – Information and Templates

1. [1] Gesetze im Internet – BGB §§ 535–580a
2. [2] Bundesgerichtshof – Decisions on Tenancy Law
3. [3] Federal Ministry of Justice – Information and Templates