Tenant Key Return in Germany

When moving long-distance, returning keys is a common dispute for tenants. In Germany you should clarify early how and when keys will be handed over, which deadlines apply and which written evidence is necessary. This practical guide explains concrete steps for tenants: how to meet return deadlines, record handover arrangements in writing, use alternatives like registered mail or authorized handover, and which forms or court routes are possible if the landlord does not cooperate. The goal is to secure your right to a proper handover of the apartment under German tenancy law and to avoid later claims.

Rights and obligations for key return

As a tenant in Germany you have obligations to return the leased property; details about landlord duties and the lease are in the BGB ^[1]. If no handover appointment is possible, document time and condition in writing and with photos; this protects against later claims.

Evidence and forms

Note names, date and time of the handover, prepare a handover protocol and photograph defects. Common forms and templates for tenants include:

• Termination letter (template): If you terminate yourself, use a written termination letter as proof.
• Authorization for key handover: If authorized, hand over keys using a written authorization.
• Handover protocol and photos: Record meter readings, damages and cleanliness with date and signature.

If formal steps become necessary, procedural rules of the ZPO apply ^[2]; tenancy disputes are usually tried at the local court or decided there ^[3]. Keep copies of all letters and postage receipts.

FAQ

Who bears the risk if keys arrive late?

The tenant must prove that they sent or handed over the keys on time; otherwise the landlord may claim damages.

Can I send keys by registered mail?

Yes, registered mail with return receipt is considered strong evidence; document contents and date.

What if the landlord refuses to accept the keys?

Record the refusal, inform the landlord in writing and set a deadline; if refusal continues, legal steps are possible.

How-To

1. Contact the landlord in writing and propose a fixed handover appointment.
2. Send keys by registered mail or hand them over authorized with a written authorization.
3. Take photos and create a handover protocol with date and signature.
4. If refused, send a reminder with a clear deadline (e.g. 14 days).
5. If there is no response, file a claim at the competent local court (eviction claim or declaratory action).
6. Submit all receipts, photos and the protocol to the court.

Key Takeaways

• Always document the handover time and condition in writing.
• Use registered mail or authorization as secure proofs.

Help and Support / Resources

• [BMJ] Federal Ministry of Justice (BMJ)
• [BGB] Civil Code – Gesetze im Internet
• [BGH] Federal Court of Justice

1. [1] Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (BGB) – Gesetze im Internet
2. [2] Zivilprozessordnung (ZPO) – Gesetze im Internet
3. [3] Bundesgerichtshof (BGH) – Official Website