Tenant Rights: Social Housing Allocation in Germany
This guide helps tenants in Germany understand the transparent and accessible allocation process for social housing. It explains in plain language how the Wohnberechtigungsschein (WBS) works, which documents are required, which deadlines apply and what rights you have in case of delays or rejection. You will find practical examples, concrete action steps for applications and tips on how to collect documents securely and prove deadlines. The information refers to relevant laws and authorities, such as the Wohnraumförderungsgesetz and the German Civil Code, so you know who to contact. This text is written for non-lawyers and aims to give tenants practical confidence when dealing with authorities and landlords.
How does the allocation process work?
The allocation process for social housing usually starts with the application for a Wohnberechtigungsschein (WBS). Authorities check income limits and housing need according to the Wohnraumförderungsgesetz.[2] If you have a WBS, you can apply to municipal housing companies and cooperatives; there are often waiting lists and prioritizations for special groups (families, people with disabilities, seniors).
- Apply for the WBS (Form) — fill in the form and attach proof of identity and income.
- Observe deadlines (deadline) — submit applications and supplementary documents within the stated deadlines.
- Collect documents (evidence) — provide payslips, rental certificates and a copy of your ID.
- Wait for your place on the waiting list — you will be informed according to priority.
Important legal bases for tenants are the German Civil Code (BGB) for contract matters and the Code of Civil Procedure (ZPO) for court proceedings; both provide information on duties, claims and deadlines in tenancy law.[1]
Which documents are needed for the WBS?
Typical documents are proof of identity, current proof of income, certificates of household members and, if applicable, proof of special needs (e.g. severe disability). Submit complete copies and keep digital scans.
- Identity card or passport copy.
- Last three payslips or benefit notices.
- Proof of household members (registration certificate).
As a practical example: Ms. S. submits the WBS application to her city, attaches copies of payslips and a registration certificate, and receives a written decision within six weeks.
What to do in case of rejection or long waiting times?
Check the rejection notice for reasons and deadlines for objection or submission of additional documents. If there are formal errors or incomplete documents, submit the missing proofs immediately. In case of legal uncertainty, clarification at the competent local court or legal advice can help; the ZPO regulates court procedures.[1]
FAQ
- Who can apply for a WBS?
- Individuals and households who meet the local income limits and have a housing need; specific rules vary by federal state.
- How long does processing typically take?
- Processing times vary, often from a few weeks to several months; always pay attention to deadlines in the notice.
- What is possible in case of an incorrect rejection?
- You can submit missing documents and, if necessary, file an objection or consider legal action.
How-To: Step-by-step guide
- Contact your city administration to obtain the correct form and learn the income limits.
- Gather documents: ID, payslips, registration certificate.
- Fill out the application and submit it on time (deadline).
- Wait for the decision and provide additional proofs if requested.
- If rejected, consider objection or seek information from the competent local court.
Help and Support / Resources
- Information on tenancy law (BGB)
- Wohnraumförderungsgesetz (WoFG)
- WBS and application information (example: Berlin)
