WBS and Cooperatives: Guide for Tenants in Germany

This guide explains how tenants in Germany correctly document the Wohnberechtigungsschein (WBS) and how cooperatives can help find social housing. I explain step by step which documents authorities and cooperatives require, how to meet deadlines and what rights you have as a tenant regarding accessible housing, modernizations or rent reductions. You will also find notes on official forms, court jurisdictions and practical templates so you can submit applications and objections securely. The text is aimed at tenants without legal background and gives clear action steps for everyday situations. Read the notes on local courts, the relevant legislation (§§ 535–580a BGB) and official forms so you can observe deadlines and submit documents correctly.

What is the WBS and who needs it?

The Wohnberechtigungsschein (WBS) is a certificate that proves you are eligible to receive subsidized or socially bound housing. Municipalities are responsible; the rules derive from the Housing Promotion Act (WoFG) and state regulations.^[2] Many cooperatives and municipal housing providers require a valid WBS to join waiting lists or assign apartments.

Which documents do tenants need?

For the application and applying to cooperatives, you should have the main proofs ready. Prepare copies and submit originals only if explicitly requested.

• Income proofs (pay slips, notices) as evidence for the WBS eligibility check.
• Copy of the current lease or termination letter of the previous tenant to document the housing situation.
• ID card or passport for identification.
• Completed WBS application form from your municipality (example form: city service page).^[3]

Cooperatives: application and rights

Housing cooperatives are often organized without profit and allocate apartments to members. An application usually includes a written registration, creditworthiness and income proofs and payment of share capital.

• Fill out and sign the cooperative's application form correctly.
• Review information about share capital or deposits before agreeing.
• Waiting lists and allocations can take time; ask about average waiting periods.

Forms, deadlines and templates

Applications and legal steps are subject to deadlines and formal requirements. Many tenant rights derive from the Civil Code (BGB), especially §§ 535–580a, which regulate landlord and tenant duties.^[1] The Code of Civil Procedure (ZPO) applies to court proceedings for filing lawsuits and deadlines.

• Submit the WBS application on time to your municipality and request confirmation of receipt.
• Use the forms required by local courts for objections or filing a lawsuit.
• Document: organize photos, defect reports and correspondence with dates.

In case of dispute: courts and procedures

The first civil instances for tenancy disputes are the local courts; in larger cases, regional courts and potentially the Federal Court of Justice (BGH) decide on appeals.^[4] Common proceedings include eviction lawsuits, claims for rent payment or disputes over modernization measures.

• Local court: responsible for most tenancy claims and eviction proceedings.
• Observe procedural deadlines and document service of documents.
• Arrange evidence such as photos, defect notifications and payment receipts.

FAQ

Who is eligible for a WBS?

Households with certain incomes according to the WoFG and state rules are eligible; exact income limits vary.^[2]

Can a cooperative refuse me?

Yes, cooperatives may decide according to their admission criteria, for example due to lack of creditworthiness or not meeting membership payment requirements.

What deadlines apply for objections against notices?

Deadlines are stated in the respective notice; note the date of service and respond in writing within the specified period.

How-To

1. Collect all proofs: income documents, ID, lease and photos of defects.
2. Apply for the WBS at your municipality and keep the confirmation of receipt.^[3]
3. Apply in writing to cooperatives, attach required documents and note application numbers.
4. In conflicts: check deadlines, gather evidence and, if necessary, file a lawsuit at the local court.

Help and Support / Resources

• [1] Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (BGB) — Gesetze im Internet
• [2] Wohnraumförderungsgesetz (WoFG) — Gesetze im Internet
• [3] Wohnberechtigungsschein (WBS) — Service Berlin

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1. [1] Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (BGB) — Gesetze im Internet
2. [2] Wohnraumförderungsgesetz (WoFG) — Gesetze im Internet
3. [3] Wohnberechtigungsschein (WBS) — Service Berlin
4. [4] Bundesgerichtshof (BGH) — bundesgerichtshof.de