WBS for Tenants in Germany: Family Guide
Many families in Germany need a Wohnberechtigungsschein (WBS) to access subsidised housing. As a tenant, it is important to understand who is eligible, which documents are required, and how to correctly submit the application. This article explains the process step by step, which proofs families must provide, and how deadlines, income limits and apartment sizes affect eligibility. We show practical examples, a sample municipal form (e.g. Berlin) and the most important legal basics in Germany so you feel more confident and better prepared when applying for a WBS or filing an appeal. At the end you will find a how-to, frequently asked questions, official links and guidance on your rights as a tenant.
What is a Wohnberechtigungsschein (WBS)?
A WBS certifies that a person or family is entitled to subsidised housing. The legal basis and eligibility criteria are set out in the Wohnraumförderungsgesetz (WoFG).[2] The WBS is not a tenancy agreement; it is proof to landlords that household size and income meet the requirements for subsidised housing.
Who is eligible as a family?
Eligible households are those whose income does not exceed the specified income limits. For families, children, maintenance obligations and special circumstances count toward apartment size. Regardless, statutory tenant rights under the BGB remain in force, such as maintenance obligations and rent reduction rights in case of defects.[1]
Documents & Forms
Prepare the following documents for the application:
- Identity card or passport of all applicants
- Proofs of income (pay slips, benefit notices)
- Children's birth certificates or proof of household members
- Completed application for issuance of a WBS (municipal form)
- Tenancy agreement or housing offer, if available
Forms for the WBS are issued by municipalities; for example, you can find municipal application forms (e.g. Berlin) and submission information online.[3]
How is the application reviewed?
The authority checks income, household size and special need. The procedure can take several weeks depending on the municipality; in urgent cases ask for an acknowledgement of receipt and a provisional decision.
Deadlines and Validity
The WBS is generally time-limited (often one to two years depending on the municipality). Watch the validity period and submit a renewal application in good time before expiry.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Failing to submit complete income evidence
- Unclear statements about household members (e.g. care dependents)
- Not signing the form or providing an incorrect address
Frequently Asked Questions
- Who is eligible for a WBS?
- Households whose income is below the local income limits and who meet municipal size rules.
- How long does issuance take?
- The procedure usually takes several weeks; in urgent cases you can request confirmation of receipt.
- How much does a WBS cost?
- In many municipalities issuance is free or subject to a small administrative fee; check with the responsible office.
- Can I appeal if the application is rejected?
- Yes. You can file an objection within the applicable deadline; follow the reasons and deadlines in the decision.
How-To
- Check with your local housing office for the municipal form and income limits.
- Gather all required proofs: IDs, income statements, birth certificates.
- Complete and sign the application form.
- Submit the application in person or by post and request an acknowledgement of receipt.
- Watch deadlines: if documents are missing, respond promptly to requests for information.
- If approved, keep the WBS and all decisions safe; present the WBS when signing a subsidised lease.
Help and Support / Resources
- [1] German Civil Code (BGB) – §§ 535–580a
- [2] Housing Promotion Act (WoFG)
- [3] WBS information and application (City of Berlin)
