WBS & Social Housing: Students as Tenants in Germany

This guide explains clearly and practically how students in Germany can apply for a Wohnberechtigungsschein (WBS) and apply for social housing. It is aimed at tenants and prospective tenants who want to understand entitlement, deadlines and required forms. We describe step by step the application process, which documents are required, how to meet application deadlines and what rights students have as tenants, for example in the case of defects or termination. We also name official authorities and forms as well as the competent local court for disputes. At the end you will find concrete action steps and links to official authority pages to increase your chances of affordable housing in Germany. The information is based on current legal foundations such as the BGB, WoFG and relevant regulations.

What is the Wohnberechtigungsschein (WBS)?

The Wohnberechtigungsschein (WBS) is an official document that proves a person is entitled to subsidised, affordable housing. The WBS does not automatically assign a specific apartment but entitles participation in allocation procedures for social housing. The legal basis for housing promotion can be found in the Wohnraumförderungsgesetz (WoFG).^[2]

Who is eligible and what criteria apply?

Eligible are usually households with low incomes; for students, scholarships, BAföG and part-time income count. Municipal rules set income limits and household sizes. Check the rules of your city or state because responsibility and documentation requirements vary.

Which forms are required?

• Application for issuance of a Wohnberechtigungsschein (WBS) — example: municipal application with proof of income and ID.
• Proof of study or training status (enrolment certificate or training certificate).
• Complete income proofs for the last 12 months (pay slips, BAföG notices, scholarship confirmations).
• Registration or residence certificate (if required) and possibly proof of household size.

Application process: step by step

1. Gather all required documents and check the deadlines for housing allocations at your municipality.
2. Submit the WBS application to the competent authority (e.g. city or housing office) and provide all supporting documents.
3. Keep copies and receipts; record dates and contact persons.
4. After issuance of the WBS, apply in time for specific social housing offers.
5. In case of an allocation dispute, the local court (Amtsgericht) is competent; check appeal options beforehand.

Rights as a tenant

As a tenant you have duties and rights, e.g. for the repair of the apartment, rent reduction due to defects or protection against unlawful termination. The legal basis is found in the BGB, especially the rules on tenancy agreements and maintenance.^[1] In disputes about tenant rights, the local court is the first instance; inform yourself about procedures and necessary documents before filing a suit.^[3]

FAQ

How long does it take to issue a WBS?

Processing times vary by municipality; expect a few weeks to a few months. Submit complete documents to avoid delays.

Can I apply as an international student?

Yes, international students can be eligible if the host municipality and income situation meet the requirements; provide the required residence and enrollment proofs.

What happens if there are problems with the apartment after moving in?

Document defects in writing, request the landlord to remedy them and set deadlines. If there is no response, you can consider rent reduction and, if necessary, legal action.

How-To

1. Overview: Check your municipality's WBS requirements and note deadlines.
2. Documents: Collect income proofs, enrolment certificate and ID.
3. Application: Complete the WBS application fully and submit it online or in person.
4. Follow-up: Request confirmation of receipt and note contact persons and reference numbers.
5. Apply: Use the WBS to participate in allocation procedures for social housing and apply on time.
6. Dispute: Document defects or allocation conflicts and seek advice or contact the local court if necessary.

Key Takeaways

• The WBS enables participation in social housing allocations but does not guarantee a specific flat.
• Deadlines and complete documentation are crucial for a successful application.
• Use official municipal services and hotlines for forms and queries.

Help and Support / Resources

• WBS application and information (example Berlin)
• Legal basis: BGB
• Information on local courts and jurisdiction

1. [1] German Civil Code (BGB) §535 ff. – gesetze-im-internet.de
2. [2] Housing Promotion Act (WoFG) – gesetze-im-internet.de
3. [3] Local courts: civil jurisdiction – justiz.de