Tenant Rights Germany: Ramp & Door Widening
Many tenants in Germany need ramps or door widenings, for temporary limitations or permanent mobility restrictions. This text explains in simple language when you can request or install structural alterations, which proofs are useful and which deadlines and authorities may be involved. Describe defects, document measurements, photos and medical certificates and check early whether a permit or an agreement with the landlord is necessary. If necessary, you can assert your rights under the BGB or contact the competent local court. The guide contains concrete steps, template tips and official sources so you can act with more confidence.
When are ramps or door widenings allowed?
In principle: the landlord must maintain the usability of the apartment and may review modernizations or adjustments. Smaller, reversible measures can often be carried out by tenants with the landlord's consent; permanent structural changes usually require permission or a written agreement. Important are proofs that demonstrate the necessity, such as a medical certificate or a confirmation from a specialist company. In disputes, §§ 535–540 BGB can be relevant[1].
Documentation checklist
- Photos of the narrow spot before the change, from several angles.
- Measurement record: door width, threshold height, corridor dimensions and relevant surroundings.
- Medical certificate or proof of mobility need (e.g., wheelchair).
- Cost estimates and written offers from craft companies.
- Deadlines: note deadlines for landlord responses and planned appointments (deadline).
- Contact details of craftsmen, social welfare office or integration services for support requests.
Communicating with the landlord
Write a clear request by email or registered letter, attach your proofs and name preferred dates. State reasons and propose a cost-effective solution. If the landlord refuses or does not respond, you can send a formal demand and set deadlines. In disputes, an expert opinion or mediation often helps before filing a lawsuit.
Permits, costs and reinstatement
Clarify in advance who pays the costs and whether reinstatement on move-out is necessary. Some municipalities or social offices offer financial support for modifications; enquire early. For mutual agreements, a written addendum to the lease with reinstatement clauses and cost sharing is recommended.
If the landlord does not cooperate
If no agreement is possible, consider legal steps: a written defect notice, subsequent deadline setting and possibly a lawsuit at the competent local court. Civil procedure rules (ZPO) apply to court actions[2]. Gather all evidence and obtain expert reports before suing.
Practical template letters
There are templates for many steps: a tenant request, a deadline to obtain consent and a letter on cost sharing. Use this structure: date, recipient, facts, attached evidence, requested measure, deadline and polite closing. Send important letters by registered mail and keep receipts.
FAQ
- Who pays for the door widening?
- It depends on agreement and necessity; for medical necessity landlords may be obliged to consent or cost reimbursement can be agreed.
- Do I always need a building permit?
- Interior reversible changes rarely need a building permit, but permanent load-bearing measures may require one; check with the municipal authority.
- Where do I turn in case of dispute?
- Rental disputes are usually handled by the local court; for legal questions and precedents the BGH may be relevant[3].
How-To
- Photograph and measure the site, record date and time.
- Obtain a medical certificate or proof of need.
- Send a formal request to the landlord with all evidence and a deadline.
- If no agreement, seek support from the social office or legal advice and prepare documents for the local court.
